Статті у виданнях Scopus / WoS / Фахові категорії А

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Development of the intelligent decision-making support system to manage cyber protection at the object of informatization
(2017) Lakhno, Valeriy; Лахно, Валерій; Boiko, Yuliia; Бойко, Юлія; Mishchenko, Andrii; Міщенко, Андрій; Kozlovskii, Valeriy; Козловський Валерій; Pupchenko, Oleksandr; Пупченко, Олександр
We proposed an architecture for a protection control system of the object of informatization (OBI) with the subsystem of intelligent support for making decisions on the operational management of cyberprotection. The proposed architecture, in particular, can be used under conditions of the incompleteness of knowledge about the state of OBI protection. We developed a model for the operational management of cyberprotection at OBI and formed a rational complex of protection means. The model is based on the morphological approach. The model allows, taking into account morphological matrices for each of the five proposed perimeters prepared by the intelligent decision-making support system (IDMSS), generation of variants of sets that consider the compatibility of software and hardware tools of information protection. It is proposed to make the choice on the optimal variant of a set for the perimeter using an objective function that maximizes the ratio of the summary indicator "protection of information" to the summary indicator "expenditures". The software is realized and tested under real conditions of IDMSS in the contours for the organizational-technical and operational management of the OBI protection. An improved architecture of IPCS is different from the existing solutions in the possibility of simultaneous optimization of sets of software and hardware tools for the examined perimeters of OBI, for both centralized and decentralized variants for processing the information. In this case, an analysis of the level of protection of OBI is performed in real time. It is proven that the use of the developed IDMSS makes it posible to significantly reduce the planned spending on an information protection system, as well as reduce the time it takes to inform decision-makers about information security incidents.
Business criminal investigation: Foreign experience and legal regulation in Ukraine
(2023) Bozhyk, Valerii; Божик, Валерій Іванович; Vlasova, Ganna; Власова, Ганна Петрівна; Stryzhevska, Anzhela; Стрижевська, Анжела Анатоліївна; Tsymbal, Petro; Цимбал, Петро Васильович
The research relevance is determined by the need to reveal effective methods and strategies for investigating business-related criminal offences to ensure an effective fight against corruption and legal security in the economy. The study’s objectives are to identify optimal strategies and tools, as well as to develop recommendations for improving legal regulation in Ukraine. The hermeneutic method, comparative legal method, and case study method were used in the study. The analysis of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in terms of crimes in economic activity, revealed the main difficulties that exist in the investigation of economic crimes in Ukraine, such as gaps in criminal legislation and insufficient level of efficiency of investigations due to corruption of law enforcement agencies and business representatives. An analysis of the experience of investigating criminal offences in business activities in Germany, the USA, the UK, and the Republic of Lithuania has made it possible to conclude that there are similarities and differences in the legal acts on the investigation of criminal offences in the business sphere, the structure of specialised bodies and the powers of persons involved in the investigation of such offences. This analysis helped to identify the specifics of foreign approaches to certain aspects of investigations, such as anti-corruption bodies and financial monitoring. The effectiveness of investigation systems in other countries is significantly different, as they have more systematic legislation, and a clear structure of law enforcement agencies and special agencies dealing exclusively with economic crimes, which in turn increases the percentage of solving the relevant crimes. The author suggests possible ways to improve the legislation and practice of investigating relevant crimes. The research on this topic brings new approaches and practical conclusions to science, contributing to the improvement of investigation strategies strengthening the legal framework for combating economic crime and increasing the effectiveness of law enforcement measures in the context of the business sector.
Organizational-legal and accounting-analytical aspects of payroll
(2024) Shterma, T.; Штерма, Т. В.; Fatkhutdinov, V.; Фатхутдінов, В. Г.; Prodanchuk, M.; Проданчук, М. А.; Bernaziuk, O.; Берназюк, О. О.; Synytsia, Yu.; Синиця, Ю. С.
Purpose. To establish directions for improving the organizational, legal, and accounting and analytical aspects of payroll, the state of legal support of the payroll organization. To identify gaps in the legal framework; develop directions for its change. To offer recommendations regarding improvement of payroll accounting organization, increasing incentive function of wages, areas of reorganization of analytical payroll accounting. Methodology. General scientific and special methods of knowledge are used: statistical analysis – to substantiate the inadequacy of institutional legal instruments for operational regulation of payroll accounting; comparison – to expand the use of local law; analysis and synthesis – to identify the reduction of the motivational function of the payroll accounting; induction and deduction – to develop stimulating payroll accounting, changing the salary structure, increasing differentiation in wages; critical analysis – to improve the analytical accounting model; formal and legal methods – to propose a change in legislative norms. Findings. There is a well-founded need for operational reorganization of payroll accounting. For the legal support of operational reorganization, it is proposed to expand the use of local law. Improvements to the analytical accounting model for simplifying data processing, implementation of detailing of payroll accounts, grouping of data by types and forms of payroll are proposed. The approach of reorganizing payroll accounting by changing the shares of the components in the salary structure, ensuring the possibility of normalization and standardization, and expanding the premium form of payroll accounting is proposed. Originality. It is indicated that there are such functions of local law as adaptability, efficiency, providing the opportunity to expand the scope of analytical accounting. The importance of implementing the principle of transparency of payroll accounting to ensure production efficiency is indicated. Changes to the legislation of Ukraine regarding: premium payments, peculiarities of accounting with tying wages to foreign currency, legal definition of in-kind payment are proposed. Practical value. The proposed changes to the legislation of Ukraine, proposals for the expansion of analytical accounting will expand the possibilities of payroll accounting, improve the motivation of employees, and increase the efficiency of production.
Using the variational principle of leveling illumination in images
(2024) Bekesheva, Anastasiia; Khaidurov, Vladyslav; Romanenko, Vladyslav; Yarovoy, Roman
This work describes and practically implements the method of leveling illumination in images of various origins. Insufficient or uneven lighting can result in loss of detail, low contrast, or incorrect color reproduction. Lighting that is too bright can result in areas where detail is lost due to excessive brightness. Also, during the formation and analysis of various medical images, the problem of insufficient illumination of the image arises, that is, the image looks dark, details are difficult to see, especially in the shadows. The practical part of the work contains a description of the mathematical model of the transition from the variational problem (in the optimization form) to the differential form. A comparative analysis of existing computational methods of mathematical physics was also conducted. The working time and the number of iterations for obtaining results that form images with uniform illumination for various images were experimentally determined.
The right to a safe environment: economic and legal guarantees of provision in Ukraine
(2024) Yarmol, L.; Ярмол, Л. В.; Baik, O.; Баїк, О. І.; Bernaziuk, O.; Берназюк, О. О.; Stetsyuk, N.; Стецюк, Н. В.; Ilkiv, N.; Ільків, Н.В.
Purpose. Analysis of the theoretical and applied principles and economic and legal status of ensuring guarantees of the right to a favorable environment (GRFE), identification of legal norms in this area that require clarification and development of recommendations for their improvement. Methodology. The research used the dialectical methods to identify the need to change the conceptual legal basis of the GRFE. The hermeneutic method was used to establish normative links between the right to a safe environment and other human rights; formal and legal method – for provision of an additional GRFE instrument appeal to the International Criminal Court in the matter of environmental crimes in wartime. The systemic-structural method was applied to propose delictual legal links between the norms of environmental law and the norms of other branches of law, where the mechanisms for ensuring the GRFE are formed. The method of analysis and synthesis was to establish the fact that the possibility of implementation of the GRFE should be a component not only of environmental, but also of national security of the state. Findings. It is proposed to strengthen the imperative character of the legislative GRFE norms; establish regulatory links between the right to a safe environment and other human rights; to establish delictual legal links between the norms of environmental law and the norms of other branches of law, where the mechanisms for ensuring the GRFE are being formed; to strengthen the effectiveness of legal norms in this area. Legal measures are suggested to strengthen the GRFE and mechanisms which ensure the ability of citizens to realize the right to a favorable environment. It is noted that the possibility to implement the GHBD should be a component not only of environmental, but also of national security of the state. Originality. It is proposed to change the conceptual legal basis of the GRFE, directing it to the maintenance of natural balance, as a prerequisite for ensuring the quality of life. Practical value. The legal norms related to the GRFE, which can lead to legal conflicts, have been identified and ways of solving these problems have been proposed.
Глобальні економічні зміни та стан здоров’я населення
(2024) Любінець, О. В.; Lyubinets, O.; Боровець, В. А.; Borovets, V.; Качмарський, Д. Р.; Kachmarskyy, D.
Мета роботи – встановлення оцінки впливу глобальних економічних змін на стан здоров’я населення шляхом опитування надавачів медичних послуг. Матеріали та методи. Використано дані опитування 389 медичних працівників за власно розробленим опитувальником. Застосовано такі методи: опитування, кількісний та якісний аналіз результатів. Результати. Оцінювання респондентами-медиками важливості таких глобальних факторів, як війна з її численними людськими втратами та вплив на людство пандемії COVID-19, було визначальним. Водночас висока оцінка впливу глобальних економічних змін вказує на розуміння лікарями проблем економічних негараздів, які впливають на здоров’я населення. Аналіз відповідей респондентів з урахуванням стажу їх праці у системі охорони здоров’я показав достовірно (р<0,001) вищі рівні оцінювання впливу на здоров’я економічних змін у всіх групах опитаних зі стажем до 20 років включно, аніж з більшим стажем роботи. Оцінка результатів опитування з урахуванням стажу роботи та займаної респондентами посади засвідчила, що лікарський персонал з таким же стажем роботи в системі охорони здоров’я достовірно вищим відзначає рівень впливу на стан здоров’я населення економічних змін (3,05±0,13 проти 2,16±0,16 бала, р<0,001). Такої особливості не відзначено у групі керівників закладів охорони здоров’я. Результати проведеного оцінювання рівня дії на стан здоров’я населення всіх глобальних детермінант, визначених для опитування, які спостерігаються в даний час у світовому масштабі, зокрема глобальних економічних змін, показали вищий рівень їх важливості впливу опитаними респондентами з меншим лікарським стажем роботи. Достовірна різниця в оцінюванні глобальних детермінант встановлена у групі респондентів, яку складав лікарський персонал зі стажем роботи до 21 року. Висновки. Вплив економічних змін, які спостерігаються у світовому масштабі, на стан здоров’я населення є глобальною детермінантою людства. Молодший за стажем роботи медичний персонал більшою мірою оцінює важливість впливу економічних змін на стан здоров’я населення. Оцінювання рівня впливу економічної нестабільності на здоров’я населення сприятиме розробленню стратегій для покращення його стану у глобальному вимірі.
Actualizing the venturing model in Ukraine
(2024) Yereshko, Julia; Kreidych, Iryna; Kravchenko, Maryna; Kazak, Oksana; Kharchenko, Оleksandr
The financing of innovations is the driving driver of the innovative model of development of any country, and Ukraine in particular. In modern conditions, the importance of venture capital for the economy of Ukraine is growing against the background of reducing alternatives to raising capital for the development of small and high-tech businesses. The reasons for the current state of decline in the innovation and investment process in Ukraine are analyzed and identified. Peculiarities of venture investment in Ukraine are studied. It is determined that the vast majority of venture capital institutions, regardless of their field of activity, are used mainly by large industrial and financial groups to preserve assets and minimize taxation, rather than to finance innovation. The obtained results give grounds for the conclusion that the essence of venture entrepreneurship in Ukraine does not correspond to the American and European models. The current conditions turn venture funds in Ukraine from an instrument of innovative development into a means of making a profit for large financial and industrial groups, which is a hidden reason for slowing down the innovation and investment process. An updated Ukrainian venture model is proposed, taking into account the peculiarities of the economy and a thorough rethinking of the existing structure of venture capital. The introduction of a rational combination of public, private, and research components of the investment process is proposed, i.e. the need to involve universities, scientists, and the scientific elite in the venture industry. It is determined that this model is only one of the components of a comprehensive program to stimulate investment demand, which also includes: ensuring macroeconomic stability; ensuring economic freedom; ensuring economic security; an increase of investment resource; impact on investment propensity; liberalization and development of the financial market; stimulating investment activities through the mechanism of state support for business and science partnerships.
Directions of financing the needs of rebuilding the agricultural sector of Ukraine
(2024) Kalina, Iryna; Каліна, Ірина; Shkolenko, Oksana; Школенко, Оксана; Shulyar, Natalya; Шуляр, Наталія; Kosmidailo, Inna; Космідайло, Інна; Palii, Svitlana; Палій, Світлана; Panchenko, Olga; Панченко, Ольга
The agricultural sector of Ukraine, playing a significant role in the formation of the main macroeconomic indicators, is under the constant influence of various factors, which makes it dynamic and unpredictable. These challenges present the agrarian sector with the task of flexible adaptation in the conditions of martial law and the post-war period to the need for reconstruction to ensure sustainable functioning and positioning it for the future. The purpose of the article is to determine the directions of funding needs for the restoration and reconstruction of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in accordance with the strategic and tactical contours of solving the tasks of its long-term development, the implementation of which will contribute to the economic growth of this industry, the further transformation of the agrarian policy of Ukraine regarding state support for enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, internationalization and strengthening of the international partnerships. The article proposes an original scientific-methodical approach to determining the directions of financing the needs of the reconstruction of the agricultural industry of Ukraine, which involves determining the ratio of the directions of financing the needs of restoration and reconstruction of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine in accordance with the strategic and tactical contours of solving the tasks of its strategic development, which form its current and prospective state and the fulfillment of the set of socio-economic conditions for their implementation in the conditions of transformational changes Among the socio-economic conditions for the implementation of the proposed directions, the article defines: ensuring the diversification of the structure of agriculture; conducting constant monitoring of competition and access to markets, regional differentiation, conducting administrative expertise on the management of recovery funds and constant assessment of the effectiveness of agrarian policy instruments.
The air transport industry as an object and subject of government regulation
(2023) Klymchuk, Mykhaylo; Bernaziuk, Oleksandr; Kovalyova, Maryna; Kravchuk, Petro; Humin, Oleksii
By using the comparative method, this scientific article provided a comprehensive analysis of the Ukrainian air transport industry as an object of analyzing its state regulation. It is argued that a feature of the state regulation of the air transport industry is the integrative capacity, i.e. a comprehensive perception of the specified industry, which is not limited to air transport, but covers legal relations in the field of educational training, production, repair and modernization of aviation equipment, resolution of civil, economic and other disputes. Emphasis is placed on the systematization of legislation, on the basis of which administrative and legal regulation in aeronautical matters is carried out. In conclusion, the priority importance of a specialized state administration capable of simultaneously solving organizational, legal, political, economic, technical and other problems of development and operation of the air transport industry is pointed out. In addition, other practical recommendations for increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian air transport were provided.
Organization of Training with the Use of Digital Technologies for Ensuring Cybersecurity in the Educational Space
(2024) Arsenovych, Leonid; Nikolaievsky, Oleksandr; Skliarenko, Olena; Lytvynenko, Leonid; Kydriavskyi, Ivan
The goal of the project was to improve the understanding and evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching cybersecurity in the classroom using digital technologies. Pedagogical conditions related to digital technologies were used in the experiment. In addition, testing methods (EETS and DigCompEdu Test) and questionnaires were used. The following statistical methods were used in the study: correlation analysis, t-test, ̅i-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U-test, correlation analysis. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the reliability of the instruments. Research findings show that cyber security training significantly increased students’ knowledge of online safety strategies and digital threats. After receiving the training, learners demonstrated an increased awareness of potential dangers and a greater willingness to take precautions to protect their privacy and data when using the Internet. It was found that training using digital technologies helps to increase the level of cyber security in the educational space. Further research may focus on the impact of digital technologies on cybersecurity in the educational space. Investigating the effectiveness of specific digital tools and programs in educating students about cybersecurity is important.
Combating the illegal circulation of firearms: legal, criminological and forensic aspects
(2023) Klymchuk, Mykhaylo; Dyka, Olena; Trosteniuk, Tetyana; Naumchuk, Katerina; Galagan, Sergii; Priakhin, Yevhen
In the scientific publication, based on empirical data, analysis of current legislation and the viewpoints of scientists, a comprehensive analysis of combating the illegal circulation of firearms from a legal, criminological and criminological point of view was carried out. In order to implement the state policy of Ukraine in the specified area, the need for: standardization of legislation for joint crime control and improvement of information support for this activity is argued; strengthening measures of criminal liability for crimes related to the illegal circulation of firearms; ensuring proper accounting and control of firearms in organizations and citizens; carrying out joint coordinated measures to prevent and stop the most dangerous crimes committed with the use of firearms; conducting joint special operations to prevent the illegal manufacture and circulation of firearms, etc. The priority areas for effective countermeasures against the illegal circulation of firearms during the pre-trial investigation and in the course of investigative activities have been determined: using the possibilities of covert investigative (detective) actions; strengthening of cooperation between police bodies, border agencies, state security bodies and special services; active use of agency and intelligence activities, information-analytical and information-prognostic investigation support and others.
Evaluation of forensic computer and technical expertise in criminal proceedings
(2021) Klymchuk, Mykhailo; Marko, Sergii; Priakhin, Yevhen; Stetsyk, Bohdana; Khytra, Andrii
The purpose of the article is to clarify the place and role of the expert report based on the results of forensic computer and technical expertise as a source of evidence in criminal proceedings. The subject of the study: The subject of research is forensic computer and technical expertise as a source of evidence in criminal proceedings. Methodology: The method of system analysis, formal and logical, system and structural methods, the methods of modeling and forecasting were used in the course of the research were used in the course of the study. The results of the study: According to the results of the study, the authors conclude that forensic computer and technical expertise is the main procedural form of using special knowledge in the area of computer technology, and its results may be the most important part of the evidence base in the specific criminal proceedings.
Analysis of the implementation of blockchain technologies in management to ensure transparency, efficiency and sustainability
(2025) Bannikov, Valentyn; Akuliushyna, Maryna; Breus, Svitlana; Sukachova, Snizhana; Tytarenko, Valeriy
This paper tackles the critical problem of how blockchain technology can boost management practices' transparency, efficiency and sustainability in a transitional economy like Ukraine. The focus is to systematically evaluate blockchain's impact on this outcome by analysing the roles of blockchain implementation, digital security, decentralisation, and innovation in Ukraine from 2008q1 to 2023q4. All the variables are stationary at the first difference revealed from the unit root test of Augmented Dickey-Fuller. The series cointegration is confirmed using the bound test of Augmented Dickey-Fuller. The study uses time series data and an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The long-run results indicate that decentralization and digital security are incredibly influential in enhancing efficiency and sustainability. Furthermore, ECMt−1 is negative and statistically significant, suggesting a long-term equilibrium adjustment. Such policy recommendations include a supportive regulatory framework, incentives toward sector-specific blockchain applications, secure, transparent digital ecosystems, and using blockchain to its full potential in the sectors.
Conceptual aspects of public administration of the quality of life in the context of war
(2025) Korolchuk, Olena; Semenets-Orlova, Inna; Pavlova, Olena; Tymoshenko, Olena; Gaievska, Larysa
Introduction: post-COVID syndrome is associated with a wide range of long-term complications, among which neurological manifestations have become increasingly recognized. These complications present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their heterogeneity and the evolving understanding of their pathophysiology. Objective: to investigate the clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of neurological manifestations in patients with post-COVID syndrome, with a focus on identifying patterns and potential underlying mechanisms. Methods: a cohort of 60 patients with confirmed post-COVID syndrome was evaluated. Clinical assessments included neurological examination, neuroimaging (MRI), and neurophysiological studies (EEG, EMG, and evoked potentials). Laboratory markers were also analyzed to assess inflammatory and autoimmune activity. Data were categorized by symptom type and severity. Results: The most frequent neurological symptoms were headaches (48.3%), cognitive impairments (41.6%), sleep disorders (40%), and anxiety-depressive symptoms (38.3%). Neuroimaging revealed structural changes in 35% of patients, while neurophysiological testing showed signs of central and peripheral dysfunction in a significant subset. Laboratory analysis indicated elevated inflammatory markers in patients with more severe neurological presentations. Findings suggest a multifactorial pathogenesis involving neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, and possible autoimmune responses. Conclusions: The most frequent neurological symptoms were headaches (48.3%), cognitive impairments (41.6%), sleep disorders (40%), and anxiety-depressive symptoms (38.3%). Neuroimaging revealed structural changes in 35% of patients, while neurophysiological testing showed signs of central and peripheral dysfunction in a significant subset. Laboratory analysis indicated elevated inflammatory markers in patients with more severe neurological presentations. Findings suggest a multifactorial pathogenesis involving neuroinflammation, vascular dysfunction, and possible autoimmune responses.
History of the Formation of Ethnic Minority Organisations at the Beginning of Ukraine’s Independence
(2025) Pohuliaiev, Oleksandr; Karpika, Serhii; Shyshkin, Ivan; Hryhorchak, Ihor; Naida, Inna
Ukraine’s progress in European integration requires understanding the specifics of ethnic policy under current conditions. Therefore, the issue of historical retrospectives of the formation and activities of ethnic minority organizations in the early 1990s as one of the factors of state-building remains relevant. This study aims to analyze the historical context and peculiarities of the institutionalization of ethnic minority structures in Ukraine at the initial stage of the restoration of Ukrainian state independence. The research object is ethnic minority organizations, primarily those that focused their activities on national and cultural revival. The methodological framework includes the principles of historicism, tolerance, scientific impartiality, and impartiality. The formation of ethnic community organisations and the main vectors of their activities during the specified period have been traced in detail. Despite many common historical, cultural, and socio-political backgrounds, the formation of such organisations for different communities could have its peculiarities. For example, for Jewish organizations, the demographic issue was acute due to emigrant sentiments in the Jewish community. As for ethnic minorities like Hungarians and Romanians, they had close ties with their historical homelands. This fact also influenced their organizational structure in Ukraine. The Georgian minority built their organizations emphasizing cooperation between Ukraine and Georgia. Germans also sought to maintain ties with their historical homeland. For Poles, the religious factor was significant. Overall, in Ukraine, there were quite favorable conditions for the full development and activities of ethnic minorities despite the complex political and economic situation of the early 1990s. Nowadays, the issue of organizational development of ethnic communities is a matter of focus for state authorities both at the legislative level and at the level of local communities.
The Influence of Large-Scale Military Conflicts on Employment and Unemployment Dynamics
(2025) Zub, Mariia; Atamanska, Svitlana; Turenko, Vitalii; Krymchak, Liudmyla; Rebryk, Petro
The importance of this topic stems from the recognition that military conflicts represent intricate socio-economic phenomena with profound effects on the employment landscape. Gaining insight into how military conflicts influence the labor market is vital for crafting successful socio-economic recovery plans and aiding communities amidst such turmoil. This research seeks to explore the connections between military conflicts and the labor market, while evaluating their repercussions on the socio-economic conditions of affected populations. The focus of the investigation is the influence of military conflict on employment dynamics. In other words, the study concentrates on scrutinizing and interpreting how warfare and related events shape job availability and unemployment rates. The analysis relies on statistical data, enabling the formulation of impartial conclusions regarding the labor market fallout from military conflicts. The methodology includes a comparative approach—examining the labor market prior to and following military conflict—and employs economic modeling to predict potential outcomes and devise socio-economic recovery approaches. Findings indicate that military conflicts markedly alter employment and unemployment patterns, potentially worsening socio-economic challenges within conflict zones. Comprehending these dynamics is crucial for formulating robust socio-economic recovery strategies during wartime conditions. The practical value of this study lies in its relevance to shaping policies for employment and socio-economic progress under conflict circumstances. The outcomes of this research offer valuable insights for governmental bodies, international entities, and civic organizations engaged in social welfare and labor market enhancement efforts in conflict-affected settings.
Information technology of monitoring of phase delay fluctuations based on indirect measurement data processing
(2025) Yenikieiev, Oleksandr; Zakharenkov, Dmytro; Gasanov, Magomediemin; Borysenko, Anatoliі; Yevsyukova, Fatima; Naboka, Olena; Adashevska, Iryna; Stanciu, Dănuț-Iulian
The paper proposes the use of correlation analysis to process experimental data from indirect measurements to monitor phase delay fluctuations in fuel-air mixture supply to internal combustion engine cylinders. The oscillatory movements of model masses are described by a system of second-order linear differential equations, normalized using similarity theory methods. The deterministic system is solved via the Laplace transform under zero initial conditions. Frequency characteristics of cylinder torque transfer functions are analyzed in Matlab, while a measurement signal simulation scheme is developed in Mathcad. Additive noise is modeled as structured "white noise" with a frequency spectrum limited to ten harmonic components. Neural network techniques adjust the length of information links in the simulation, allowing for variation in amplification coefficients of cylinder torque amplitudes. The application for cross-correlation function calculation is implemented in Mathcad. Analysis of mutual correlation function graphs shows that its maxima correspond to the standard torque phases of the second, third, and first cylinders, respectively. It is established that a 60% uncertainty in crankshaft rotation unevenness measurement still enables unambiguous identification of these maxima. Additionally, the influence of additive "white noise" on cross-correlation function graphs is investigated under varying gain coefficients of the measurement signal modeling scheme. Results show that even with a 15% measurement uncertainty of a deterministic crankshaft rotation unevenness signal, the mutual correlation function remains effective for monitoring phase delay fluctuations in cylinder torques relative to standard engine settings.
Study of uncertainties of cylinder power monitoring based on computer simulation
(2025) Yenikieiev, Oleksandr; Zakharenkov, Dmytro; Gasanov, Magomediemin; Borysenko, Anatoliі; Yevsyukova, Fatima; Naboka, Olena; Adashevska, Iryna; Stanciu, Dănuț-Iulian
It is shown that the known methods and hardware and software tools for monitoring the cylinder capacities of internal combustion engines require manual labour. With a sufficiently large number of power unit cylinders and the absence of output electrical signals from the primary pressure transducers, the speed of operation of this method of monitoring cylinder capacities is significantly limited. Emphasis is placed on its use as a signal of measurement information for uneven rotation of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine. Algorithmic support for monitoring the distribution of cylinder powers implements the principle of deviation control and is reduced to the solution of a redefined system of linear differential equations of the second order, the number of which determines the number of cylinders. The Laplace transform under zero initial conditions was used to solve the deterministic system of linear algebraic equations. The information links between the measurement information signal and the torques of individual cylinders in the form of transfer functions have been established. Sources of random malfunctions of hardware and software were analysed. It was established that the first component of hardware uncertainty has a multiplicative nature, and the second and third components have an additive nature. Also, the difference between them is that the first and second uncertainties act at the input of the computer system, and the third at its output. The hardware operates with sequences of pulse signals, which in mathematical representation are considered as a sum of individual pulses. A linear random process, presented as a stochastic integral, is used to describe the thermal disturbances of hardware. The Monte Carlo method was used as a mathematical tool for the computer simulation of random disturbances. Calculating the insensitivity bands around the nominal characteristics of the component conversion is performed based on summing up the uncertainties of the input signals and disturbances. When developing it, it was assumed that all components of the input signals' uncertainties are random variables specified by their one-dimensional and multidimensional distribution laws. The Lamer scheme, the standard algorithm for determining the speed of building numbers for a given period of the maximum length of a series, and the algorithm for modelling random numbers were also used. The requirements for the measurement uncertainty of the irregularity signal of the crankshaft rotation of the internal combustion engine have been established.
Risk-based approach for protecting critical infrastructure facilities: specifics of application by law enforcement agencies
(2025) Khoronovskyi, Oleg; Drozd, Oleksii; Shevchenko, Tetiana; Semeniuk, Oleksandr; Samorai, Oleh
Introduction: the purpose of this article is to examine the specifics of the use of risk-based approach by some law enforcement agencies of Ukraine, in particular, when protecting critical infrastructure, and to develop recommendations for improving this process. Methods: the following methods were used in the course of the research: method of theoretical generalization; monographic; methods of induction and deduction; methods of structural, logical and semantic analysis; system and structural; dialectical. Results: it is proved that the risk-based approach always deals with probable categories, calculations of possible impact and works to prevent the threat from materializing, minimize its impact or minimize the consequences. The authors offer their own vision of the model for applying a risk-based approach in protecting critical infrastructure facilities, which consists of the indicated stages. In their view, the very idea, main goal, and content of RBA in ensuring CI security presuppose its application in 3 interconnected spheres (the security sphere; counterintelligence and operational-search activities; pre-trial investigation system) of law enforcement activity to form a complete system. Conclusions: the advantages of applying RBA in fighting the threats to critical infrastructure are highlighted.
Issues and prospects of the human right to own safety implementation in times of the new world order
(2025) Myronets, Oksana; Makeieva, Olena; Skutelnyk, Oleksandr; Balzhyk, Irena; Skurikhin, Serhii
The investigation’s topicality is dictated by the necessity of conducting scientific study on the understanding and issues of the human right to own safety in modern times to suggest noteworthy directions for the further development and improvement of the mentioned legal possibility implementation in the context of global challenges, war reality, post-pandemic development of the world. The purpose of the paper is to find out current issues and prospects of the human right to own safety in times of the new world order. Special-legal and general-scientific cognition methods have been used. By employing the dialectical method, theoretical background and current issues of the human right to own safety were investigated and the modern obstacles concerning this issue have been underlined. Comparative and formal-legal methods enabled us to suggest directions of the human right to own safety in modern times under the digitalization, global changes, and different social transformations under the cyber technological development of post-pandemic reality. The paper concluded that under the whole world policy concerning the human right to own safety implementation needs the transformation of the global safety concept. Being multi-directional, it includes economic, legal, social, ecological, information, military, and ideological elements that need to be transformed in times of the new world order to ensure safety for every person and the whole planet.

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